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The Chihuahua mint

This is the capital of the northern state of Chihuahua. The Spanish Colonial Government operated a mint from 1810-1822. The Republican mint opened in 1831. There is reference to this mint opening in August 1832, but this is obviously an error since coins of 1831 are known. Chihuahua issued coins of the Republic annually, until it closed on 30 June 1895. In 1840 Chihuahua became the third Mexican mint to produce its dies from hubs. This technique greatly improved the quality of the coins produced as well as the efficiency of the mint. The mint was occupied by the Imperial Forces of Maximilian from 15 August 1865 to 17 June 1866. It is not known whether coinage operations continued during this period.

Production of 8 Reales ceased in 1871 and resumed in 1873 during which time Balance Scale Pesos were issued.

Mint owners or lessees and their tenures

from to  
1831 11 July 1839 Probably Government of the State of Chihuahua
11 July 1839 unknown Kelly y Cia. (Juan Potts and Juan Jennison)
unknown   Potts, Garniz y Munoz (unknown)
unknown 19 August 1863 Macmanus y Cia.
20 August 1863 20 August 1874 Enrique Mueller y Socios
21 August 1874 17 February 1880 Government of the Republic of Mexico
18 February 1880 30 June 1895 Félix Francisco Maceyra, Luis Terrazas, Luis Faudoa, Ramón Remigio Luján and Miguel Salas (Principal stock holders of the Banco Mexicano of Chihuahua)

 

Assayers and their tenures (as evidenced by coinage)

 

Initial Name Began on Left office on
MR Mariano Cristóbal Ramírez 1831 1834
AM   José Antonio Mucharrez 1834 1838
RC   Rodrigo García  1839 1856
JC 

 Joaquín Campa was a lawyer who was born and died in Chihuahua. He became politicised at a very young age and joined the liberal ranks. He took up various posts in the judiciary until he reached the rank of Magistrate of the Supreme Tribunal of Justice in Chihuahua. 

He fought against the French Intervention of Mexico and in August 1862 was president of the junta patriótica established in ChihuahuaEl Siglo Diez y Nueve, Tomo IV, Núm. 594, 31 August 1862. However, in October 1865 as president of the Tribunal Superior he was one of the former enemies who signed the act of adhesion to the EmpireLa Sociedad, Tomo V, Núm. 871, 11 November 1865.

He died in 1871.

1856 1866
BA   Bruno Arriada 1858  
FP 

Edward Francisco Potts was by 1860 “a distinguished English gentlemen of wealth and influence, a twenty years’ resident of Chihuahua and assayer at the mint”letter S. Hart, El Paso, to President James Buchanan, 21 January 1860 in report to Congress on the difficulties on Southwestern Frontier(footnote}. On 19 January 1860 he wrote from Chihuahua to Mr. Hart in El Paso, requesting the assistance of U. S. troops against rebels from Durangoibid..
In 1858 the faction then in power in Chihuahua gave Potts and the American Francisco Macmanus, representing the Compañía Americana del ferrocarril inter-océanico, a concession in Chihuahua to build a the railway within the stateLa Coalición, Chihuahua, núm. 12, 1 May 1858, but the concession was challenged La Sociedad, tomo II, núm. 333, 13 August 1858 and ultimately failed.

On 29 May 1865 Potts was named by the Maximilian regime as a member of the Junta auxiliar de colonización in Chihuahua El Diario del Imperio, Tomo I, Núm. 125, 1 June 1865. These local juntas were made up of five hacendados or businessmen, two Mexican and three foreigners, who were tasked with developing the resources of their DepartamentoEl Diario del Imperio, Tomo I, Núm. 90, 20 April 1865.

1865  1866
JC  José María Gomez del Campo 1866 1868
MM   Manuel Merino 1868 1876
EA Eduardo Avila 1877  
JM Jacobo Mucharraz 1877  
GR Guadalupe Rocha 1877  
AV

Antonio Valero

In July 1879 a newspaper reported that through either ignorance or malice Valero was causing immense harm to Chihuahua businessmen and miners. Since his appointment the young Antonio Valero had upset all the owners of silver who had to deal with him. The difference between the assays made by M. Merino and A. Barbachano and those made by Valero could be up to forty milésimosLa Libertad, Año II, Núm. 170, 24 July 1879.

1877 1880
PM Unknown 1880  
MM Unknown (possibly Manuel Merino) 1880  
MG Manuel Gameros 1880 1882
MM Manuel Merino 1882 1895

  

The assayers on its decimal coinage were:

Initial Name Began on Left office on
M Manuel Merino 1868 1895
P   1872  
G Manuel Gameros 1880  


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